Soil mechanics site investigations are conducted to discover the characteristics of the soil at the particular location. The foundation is the lowest part of a building. It transmits the load of the structure to the soil below. The main purposes of a foundation is to take the structure sufficiently deep into the ground to prevent overturning before a foundation is decided, it is necessary to determine the characteristics of the soil at the site of construction. This is done by conducting soil investigations. A standard penetration test is an in-situ dynamic penetration test designed to provide information on the properties of soil, while also collecting a disturbed soil sample for grain-size analysis and soil classification.